scripts: add append_signals.py for frame sequence to video conversion
Add Python script to concatenate frame sequences into videos using ffmpeg.
Features:
- Handles non-sequential frames with gaps in numbering
- Automatic output naming: {folder_name}_{unix_timestamp}.mp4
- Configurable FPS, width, quality (CRF), and frame limit
- Uses uv inline dependencies for easy execution
- Supports .jpeg, .jpg, and .png files
Example usage:
uv run scripts\append_signals.py results\20251122\bumpy-filter
uv run scripts\append_signals.py results\20251122\bumpy-filter --max-frames 100 --fps 60
This commit is contained in:
yair
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scripts/append_signals.py
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248
scripts/append_signals.py
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#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run
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# /// script
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# requires-python = ">=3.10"
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# dependencies = []
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# ///
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"""
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Concatenate a sequence of frames into a video using ffmpeg.
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Scales to 1920 width and allows control of video speed via fps.
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"""
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import argparse
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import subprocess
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import sys
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import time
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from pathlib import Path
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from typing import List
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def find_frames(directory: Path, pattern: str = "*.jpeg") -> List[Path]:
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"""Find all frame files matching the pattern, sorted by name."""
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frames = sorted(directory.glob(pattern))
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if not frames:
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frames = sorted(directory.glob("*.jpg"))
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if not frames:
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frames = sorted(directory.glob("*.png"))
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return frames
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def create_video_ffmpeg(
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input_dir: Path,
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output_file: Path,
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fps: int = 30,
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width: int = 1920,
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crf: int = 18,
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pattern: str = "*.jpeg",
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max_frames: int = None
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) -> None:
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"""
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Create video from image sequence using ffmpeg.
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Args:
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input_dir: Directory containing the frames
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output_file: Output video file path
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fps: Frames per second (controls playback speed)
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width: Output video width in pixels (height auto-scales)
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crf: Constant Rate Factor for quality (lower = better, 18-23 recommended)
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pattern: File pattern to match frame files
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"""
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frames = find_frames(input_dir, pattern)
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if not frames:
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print(f"Error: No frames found in {input_dir} matching pattern {pattern}")
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sys.exit(1)
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total_frames = len(frames)
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# Limit frames if max_frames is specified
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if max_frames is not None and max_frames > 0:
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frames = frames[:max_frames]
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print(f"Found {total_frames} frames in {input_dir}, processing first {len(frames)} frames")
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else:
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print(f"Found {len(frames)} frames in {input_dir}")
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print(f"First frame: {frames[0].name}")
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print(f"Last frame: {frames[-1].name}")
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# Check if frames are sequential (no gaps)
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first_frame = frames[0]
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is_sequential = True
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# Extract frame numbers and check for gaps
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name_parts = first_frame.stem.rsplit('_', 1)
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if len(name_parts) == 2 and name_parts[1].isdigit():
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frame_numbers = []
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for frame in frames:
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parts = frame.stem.rsplit('_', 1)
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if len(parts) == 2 and parts[1].isdigit():
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frame_numbers.append(int(parts[1]))
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else:
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is_sequential = False
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break
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# Check if there are gaps in the sequence
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if is_sequential and frame_numbers:
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expected_count = frame_numbers[-1] - frame_numbers[0] + 1
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if len(frame_numbers) != expected_count:
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is_sequential = False
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print(f"Warning: Detected gaps in frame sequence (have {len(frame_numbers)} frames, expected {expected_count})")
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else:
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is_sequential = False
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# Use concat method for reliability (works with gaps, non-sequential naming, etc.)
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# Create concat file
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concat_file = input_dir / "concat_list.txt"
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with open(concat_file, 'w') as f:
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for frame in frames:
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# Use absolute paths to avoid issues
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f.write(f"file '{frame.absolute()}'\n")
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cmd = [
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"ffmpeg",
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"-y",
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"-f", "concat",
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"-safe", "0",
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"-i", str(concat_file),
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"-vf", f"scale={width}:-2,fps={fps}",
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"-c:v", "libx264",
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"-crf", str(crf),
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"-pix_fmt", "yuv420p",
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"-movflags", "+faststart",
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str(output_file)
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]
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print(f"\nCreating video with:")
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print(f" FPS: {fps}")
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print(f" Width: {width}px")
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print(f" CRF (quality): {crf}")
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print(f" Output: {output_file}")
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print(f"\nRunning: {' '.join(cmd)}\n")
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try:
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result = subprocess.run(cmd, check=True)
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print(f"\n✓ Video created successfully: {output_file}")
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# Show file size
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size_mb = output_file.stat().st_size / (1024 * 1024)
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print(f" File size: {size_mb:.2f} MB")
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except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
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print(f"Error: ffmpeg command failed with return code {e.returncode}")
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sys.exit(1)
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except FileNotFoundError:
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print("Error: ffmpeg not found. Please install ffmpeg and ensure it's in your PATH.")
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sys.exit(1)
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def main():
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
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description="Concatenate frame sequences into a video using ffmpeg",
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formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
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epilog="""
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Examples:
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# Basic usage with default settings (30 fps, 1920 width)
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python append_signals.py C:\\dev\\gst-plugins-vision\\results\\20251122\\bumpy-filter
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# Slow motion (10 fps)
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python append_signals.py C:\\dev\\gst-plugins-vision\\results\\20251122\\bumpy-filter --fps 10
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# Fast playback (60 fps) with custom output name
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python append_signals.py results/20251122/bumpy-filter --fps 60 -o timelapse.mp4
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# Higher quality (lower CRF)
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python append_signals.py results/20251122/bumpy-filter --crf 15
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# Custom width
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python append_signals.py results/20251122/bumpy-filter --width 3840
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# Process only first 100 frames for testing
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python append_signals.py results/20251122/bumpy-filter --max-frames 100
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"""
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"input_dir",
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type=Path,
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help="Directory containing the frame sequence"
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"-o", "--output",
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type=Path,
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help="Output video file (default: output.mp4 in input directory)"
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"--fps",
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type=int,
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default=30,
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help="Output video framerate/playback speed (default: 30)"
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"--width",
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type=int,
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default=1920,
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help="Output video width in pixels (default: 1920)"
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"--crf",
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type=int,
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default=18,
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help="Constant Rate Factor for quality, lower=better (default: 18, range: 0-51)"
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"--pattern",
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type=str,
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default="*.jpeg",
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help="File pattern to match frames (default: *.jpeg)"
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)
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parser.add_argument(
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"--max-frames",
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type=int,
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default=None,
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help="Maximum number of frames to process (default: all frames)"
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)
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args = parser.parse_args()
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# Validate input directory
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if not args.input_dir.exists():
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print(f"Error: Input directory does not exist: {args.input_dir}")
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sys.exit(1)
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if not args.input_dir.is_dir():
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print(f"Error: Input path is not a directory: {args.input_dir}")
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sys.exit(1)
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# Set output file
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if args.output is None:
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# Generate filename: input_folder_name_unixtime.mp4
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unix_time = int(time.time())
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folder_name = args.input_dir.name
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output_filename = f"{folder_name}_{unix_time}.mp4"
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output_file = args.input_dir / output_filename
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else:
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output_file = args.output
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# Validate CRF range
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if not 0 <= args.crf <= 51:
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print("Error: CRF must be between 0 and 51")
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sys.exit(1)
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create_video_ffmpeg(
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input_dir=args.input_dir,
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output_file=output_file,
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fps=args.fps,
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width=args.width,
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crf=args.crf,
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pattern=args.pattern,
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max_frames=args.max_frames
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)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()
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